The researchers speculated that the mysterious dark energy lies in a vast sea of ​​intergalactic geodesy

Astronomers have known for two decades that the expansion of the universe is accelerating, but the physics of this expansion remains a mystery. Now, a team of researchers at the University of Hawaii at Manoa has made a new prediction – the dark energy responsible for this exponential growth comes from a vast sea of ​​compact objects scattered throughout the spaces between galaxies. This conclusion is part of a new study published in The Astrophysical Journal.

In the mid-1960s, physicists first suggested that stellar collapses should not form true black holes, but rather that they should form general dark energy objects (GEODEs). Unlike black holes, geodesics do not “ break ” Einstein’s equations with singularities. Instead, a rotating layer surrounds a core of dark energy. When viewed from the outside, geodesics and black holes are often the same, even when the “sounds” of their collision are measured by observatories of gravitational waves.

Because GEODEs simulate black holes, it was assumed that they move through space in the same way as black holes. “This becomes a problem if you want to explain the accelerating expansion of the universe,” said UH Mānoa’s research fellow for physics and astronomy, Kevin Crocker, lead author of the study. “Although we demonstrated last year that GEODEs, in principle, can provide the necessary dark energy, you need a lot of old and massive GEODEs. If they move like black holes, and stay close to visible matter, the galaxies are like our galaxies. Milky Way It could crash. “

Crocker collaborated with UH Mānoa’s Department of Physics and Astronomy, Jacques Runeberg, and Duncan Farah, a faculty member at the UH Institute of Astronomy and Department of Physics and Astronomy, to investigate how GEODE moves through space. The researchers found that the rotating layer around each geoid determines how they move relative to each other. If their outer layers rotate slowly, geodes accumulate more quickly than black holes. This is because geodes gain mass from the growth of the universe itself. As for the geodes with layers orbiting close to the speed of light, the mass gain is dominated by a different effect and the geodesic begins to repel each other. “The dependence on spin was really unexpected,” Farah said. “If confirmed by observation, it would be a whole new class of phenomena.”

The team solved Einstein’s equations assuming that many of the oldest stars, born when the universe was less than 2% of its current age, formed GEODEs upon their death. When this ancient geodesic feeds on other stars and abundant interstellar gas, it begins to spin very quickly. Once spinning fast enough, the mutual repulsion of GEODE caused a “ social divergence ” in most of them in regions that would eventually become the empty spaces between current galaxies.

This study supports the position that GEODEs can solve the dark energy problem while maintaining their coherence with various observations over vast distances. Geodes move away from current galaxies, so they do not disrupt the exact pairs of stars that are counted within the Milky Way. The number of ancient geodes required to solve the dark energy problem corresponds to the number of ancient stars. Geodes do not disrupt the measured distribution of galaxies in space because they are separated from the luminous matter before it forms the current galaxies. Finally, GEODEs do not directly affect the gentle ripples in the aurora subsequent to the great explosion, Because it was born from dead stars hundreds of millions of years after this cosmic background radiation was released.

The researchers were cautiously optimistic about their results. He thought that without direct disclosure of something different from Kerr [Black Hole] Signature of Lego-Virgin [gravitational wave observatories]Farah said, “You will never be able to tell that geodes are there.” Crocker added, “But now that we have a clearer understanding of how Einstein’s large and small equations relate, we have been able to connect with data from many communities, and a coherent picture is starting to take shape.”

According to Runburg, whose primary research interest is not related to GEODEs, “The most exciting finding, to me, is that previously separate societies of researchers now have common ground. When different societies work together, the whole always becomes something greater than the sum of the parts.”

Reference: “Symmetry and pressure reflections in Friedman cosmology. III. Point sources for dark energy that tends toward uniformity” by KS Croker, J. Renburg and D. Farrah, September 1, 2020, Available here. The Astrophysical Journal.
DOI: 10.3847 / 1538-4357 / abad2f